Examples Of Family Rituals - 1475 Words

Family Rituals Proverbs 22:6 states, â€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go: and when he is old, he will not depart from it† (King James Bible. 1973). When you train your children, you are passing doing rituals. Rituals that you learned from your parents and your parents learned from their parents. Some people think that they don’t have any family rituals. However, they do not realize that everyday task that you do with your family can be considered a ritual. From eating meals together, watching a favorite show each night, to all of the birthdays and holidays that you celebrate with your family. With further investigation and research, we will look at what a family ritual looks like in a family setting and some examples of what family†¦show more content†¦These family rituals will help establish an open communication and let the family feel express their opinions so there can share their beliefs (Direction: Rituals and Family Strength, 2017). Even the celebrating of birthdays and some holiday are considered family rituals. With this being said all families, no matter their ethnic background has similarly family rituals that they practice that reflects the unique interactions with their individual families. Family rituals reflect the family and shape the meaning of their family values and beliefs, but implanting the past and incorporating it into the present and then the future. Family rituals also can have different functions within a family. Some families may under-ritualize family rituals by not showing interest in family gatherings, they choose to be distant. Then you have the family that rigidly ritualize family rituals and do not want things to change with time. They are the families that have to do the same thing over and over again and everything is organized and have special times to do each event. Sometimes there can be a skewed misconception about family rituals. You may have one family member wanting to celebrate o ne holiday and then the other family member wants to disregard the holiday. This skewed perception often occurs in mixed marriages. The last function is the hollow family ritual. Where they just celebrate because they are obligated to.Show MoreRelatedBehavioral Patterns Of The Family System1558 Words   |  7 PagesEvery family has a unique system with a set of rules, mostly unspoken, that govern their behavior and interactions. In dysfunctional families, the symptom of their dysfunction is typically sourced within their family system. The symptom also has a function – it protects family members from uncomfortable conflict. Dysfunctional families and couples often maintain negative patterns of interacting, and are unable to transition into new behavioral patterns without therapeutic intervention. In order toRead MoreFamily Interaction Processes: Study Guide784 Words   |  4 PagesHDFS 2300: Family Interaction Processes Study Guide Exam II Communication and Conflict (Lecture; A S Ch. 9; Day Ch. 10; Tannen Book; The Break-Up clips) †¢ Define communication - why is it important to focus upon the shared meanings aspect of the communication process? †¢ Know bolded terms from A S Ch. 9 †¢ What are three assumptions describing family communication? †¢ Define messages, digital messages (content level), analogic messages (relationship level), metamessages, framing, congruentRead MoreReligion : Hindu Death And Geographical Mobility1750 Words   |  7 Pageshave decided to explore religion and the procedure as victims are required to adapt to the domestic laws on death rituals. As Britain has ceased to be a religious dominion, many do not give a second thought to other ‘traditional methods’ that religion requires when a life extinguishes. I find it interesting that on an international platform, religions such as Hinduism follow rituals that have been unaltered for many centuries and yet, here in the Britain we have ruptured the framework as death hasRead MoreExorcism And Harijan Possession During Modern Society1206 Words   |  5 Pagest.Catholic Exorcism and Harijan Possession in Modern Society What is the importance of Catholic exorcism and Harijan possession rituals in today’s society? Each group of people still practices rituals of exorcism, and although there are some differences between each practice, there are more similarities than variations. There is a sense of importance in the very fact that exorcism and possession practices are still happening in the present day in America and India, and they are strongly linkedRead MoreThe Psychological Benefits Of Our Thanksgiving Rituals Essay856 Words   |  4 PagesPsychological Benefits of Our Thanksgiving Rituals. Four experts in the field of psychology, who specialized in family traditions, convened in a roundtable discussion about what ritual means in the subject of Thanksgiving. The four psychologists who were involved in this discussion are: First is Anne Fishel, an associate clinical professor of psychology and author of the book â€Å"Home for dinner†, Second is Janine Roberts, a family therap ist, a professor emerita of family therapy at University of Massachusetts-AmherstRead MoreEssay about Confucianism and Raise the Red1275 Words   |  6 Pagesdepended on a solid traditional family. Confucius himself, for example, called for people to put principle above selfish desires. People supported hierarchy. The rulers moral example would inspire the people to live good lives. But one begins to detect a new theme emerging in society especially amongst the Chinese reformers: the theme of individualism oppose to familialism. Today, would the Confucian family be more and more aware of abuse to women and children? The rituals and traditions can be seen asRead MoreRites Of Passage, By Arnold Van Gennep1547 Words   |  7 PagesRites of passage are rituals or events which are universally conducted for a variety of cultural, religious and social reasons. Grounded in everyday life, ritual is symbolic and emotional providing a transition of knowledge, behaviour and status, as Audrey Richards’s wrote, ’the use of symbols in ritual secures some kind of emotional compromise which satisfies the majority of individuals who compose a society and which supports its major institutions’ . These rites of passage, rituals or life cycles canRead MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1692 Words   |  7 Pagesthat in fact, New Hope has lost sight of all tradition. The small town decides to make changes to their annual ritual that fits their needs. For example, instead of using chips of wood for the drawings, as done for generations, the town now uses marked sheets of paper. The only â€Å"tradition† that the town is mindful of is the actual killings. Everyone gathers round for this annual ritual as if everything is ‘normal’ and is expected of the town. The citizens of New Hope is excited that the day hasRead MoreThe Between Nazis And The German Jews1426 Words   |  6 Pagesall of these are examples of rituals in day-to-day life. Different people have different interpretations of what the word ‘ritual’ exactly means. A particular film, the likes of The Boy in the Striped Pajamas conveys many of these meanings; analyzing the characters in this story, more specifically the contrast between the Nazis and the German Jews, their personality can be sufficiently explained via Malory Nye’s theory regarding symbolism in ritual, Emile Durkheim’s idea of ritual as being a society-basedRead MoreHow Rituals Permit the Practice of Worship in Hinduism Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesRitual is a religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order. Hindui sm major religious and cultural tradition of the Indian subcontinent, developed from Vedic religion.. There are two types of worship such as: temple worship and domestic worship. Therefore, within these types of worshipping there are rituals that are performed. Some of these rituals include prasad, darshan, and puja. Thus, A ritual function is a tradition that is used to practice

Inclusive Learning Free Essays

string(83) " There are three stages to the initial assessment process within the organisation\." Contents Contents1 Introduction2 Findings3 What is Inclusive Learning? 3 Learning Environment4 Access for all4 Inclusive Learning in Initial Assessment6 Inclusive learning in the classroom6 Assessment9 Conclusion10 Bibliography12 ? A critical evaluation of the principles and practice of Inclusive Learning within XXXXXX XXXXXX. Introduction XXXXXX XXXXXX is a registered charity offering work based learning programmes to young adults. Within my role as Advanced Teaching Practitioner, I am responsible for curriculum design, monitoring teaching, staff training and mentoring, quality assurance and learner achievement in addition to my role as a Basic Skills Tutor. We will write a custom essay sample on Inclusive Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now Before analysing current practices, I have gained the consent from those directly involved. In order to assess current inclusive learning principles and practices of the organisation, I need to increase my understanding of inclusive learning for my own Continued Professional Development (CPD). I need to reflect of my own practices and the practices of others and evaluate the service provided. Findings What is Inclusive Learning? Inclusive learning can be defined as ‘the greatest degree of match or fit between the individual learners’ requirements and the provision that is made for them’ (FEFC, 1996, p2). Inclusive teaching means recognising, accommodating and meeting the learning needs of all students and being aware of their individual needs. It is about identifying the reasonable adjustment that can be made without it having a negative impact of the teaching and learning of others. Open University Press (2006) defines inclusive learning as ‘acknowledging your students have a range of individual needs and are members of diverse communities. Inclusive teaching avoids pigeonholing students into specific groups with predictable and fixed approaches to learning’. It is important to consider the need to be proactive as opposed to being reactive. To practice inclusive learning, actions need to be taken prior to students commencing the process. The Tomlinson report 1996 states: ‘Re-designing learning, assessment and organisations to fit objectives and learning styles may mean introducing new content to courses, adapting access or both. This approach is quite different from offering courses and then giving students with difficulties some additional human or physical aids to participate. ’ Under the Special Education Needs and Disability Act (SENDA) 2001, all educational establishments must not treat students less favourably than others and make reasonable adjustments to ensure that their learners are not substantially disadvantaged. Learning Environment An accessible and safe learning environment is vital for inclusive learning to take place. The premises that XXXXXX XXXXXX occupy are located on the second and third floor of a listed building. There are no lifts and there is a staircase leading up to the main reception. Under the Disability Discrimination Act, there is a requirement to make reasonable adjustment to be able to ensure those students with a mobility disability are not excluded. XXXXXXhave made contingency plans whereby they use the premises within a local college as and when required. SENDA 2001 states that students should be able to access all services provided for other students. In this case, the local college offers all the facilities and services we offer our students. Taking this into consideration, reasonable adjustments have been made. Access for all In order to give strategic direction to inclusive learning, Smith and Armstrong (2005, p1) state ‘providers need to adopt a co-ordinated approach to inclusive learning, working with different groups, genders and levels of learners’. These is achieved ongoing within XXXXXX XXXXX. There is no discrimination on the grounds of gender or sexual orientation within XXXXXX XXXXXX and therefore XXXXXXcomply with all aspects of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975. Our learners come from mixed race, religion and in order to ensure that we accommodate these learners, all staff receive multifaith calendars to ensure that they can manage their learning over religious or cultural holidays. As we are funded for a 14-19 age provision, we cannot offer learning to anyone outside this age range. This is a limitation by DCELLS. Should anyone outside this age range require the same type of education and training, there are other training providers where they can be signposted. McGivney (2003) guidelines suggest that people with disabilities, ex-offenders, low paid unqualified workers, male manual workers, unemployed groups, rural residents, women with young children, homeless and those from ethnic minority groups may have problems in participating in organised learning activities. (DCSF, 2008) states ‘9% of young people aged 16-19 are Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEET). As part of the ‘Every Child Matters Agenda’ their aim is to break down the barriers to achievement and provide opportunities for those disengaged from learning. This agenda intends to ensure that programmes have been set up to identify children and young adults at risk and promote early intervention. According to the 14-19 Education and Skills White Paper ‘those with learning difficulties are twice as likely to become NEET’. XXXXXX XXXXXX have recently established street based youth work teams; across communities in south Wales, working with partner organisations to engage some of the hardest to reach young people; nd to progress them onto positive development opportunities in their own communities. The current teams are a pilot and are hoping to expand the project into other geographic and sector communities. XXXXXX XXXXXX are also establishing links to deliver full and part time extended curriculum services in schools for 14-18 year olds across Wales, prov iding support for young people in the youth justice system; establishing a youth drop in facilities at many centres and expanding the street based youth work. XXXXXXare also in community cohesion work particularly in areas with a large European migrant youth communities and those with a migrant non-welsh speaking community within Welsh speaking indigenous communities. XXXXXXis piloting development of youth volunteering in under-represented groups. Taking all this into consideration, it shows the effort that is being made in order to provide inclusive learning to those students who are at risk of becoming NEET. Inclusive Learning in Initial Assessment According to Green and Bartram 1998, p7) ‘Early and effective assessment of students’ requirements is critical to the concept of inclusive learning. There are three stages to the initial assessment process within the organisation. Prior to a learner joining they go through an initial assessment process. This begins with an informal interview following an endorsement from Careers Wales. In this interview, it allows the organisation time to carry out an informal assessment and identify individual learning needs. On entry, basic skills initial assessments and a VARK learning styles questionnaire are completed. From this process, an Individual Learning Plan (ILP) is written that is specific to the needs of the learner which will identify individual goals. Green and Bartram (1998. p10) outline that in order to achieve best practice; there should be ‘a common and shared understanding of the purpose of initial assessment’. Through discussion with staff and observations of the initial assessment process, it is evident that this there is a thorough initial assessment process which allows many opportunities to identify any individual needs and preferences. Following this process, if a learner is identified as having a literacy or numeracy need, diagnostic assessment is carried out. Learners have the opportunity to do these either by paper based methods or using Information Technology (IT). The results of this assessment then produce an Individual Learning Plan that is specific to the learners literacy and/or numeracy needs and takes into consideration any special arrangements that may be required. Inclusive learning in the classroom If there has been an individual need identified through initial assessment, it is at this point XXXXXX XXXXXX are reactive as appose to being proactive. For those with physical disabilities, arrangements are made to support them. As previously discussed there is a lack of facilities within the centres to support learners with a disability affecting mobility and this is taken into consideration when careers signpost learners. Apart from this, Rooms are bright, well ventilated and are small enough to be able to accommodate those with minor hearing or visual impairments. When considering students who are deaf and hard of hearing, XXXXXXdo not have a strategy in place for dealing with those who require specialist support including lip speakers, sign language interpreters and speech to text reporters. Although many learners who require this support often plan their own support requirements. To ensure inclusion in the classroom, it should be considered when planning lessons. Once the aims and objectives have been decided, it is then important to consider the needs and previous experiences of the learners’. At this stage, you can consider if there are any adjustments that can be made to ensure that the lesson is inclusive Open University Press (2006). This could be large print handouts, varied teaching strategies, practical tasks as appose to written, aural or visual methods and where possible, taking into account multi sensory learning. When carrying out questioning in the classroom, there was very good use of reinforcement techniques to consolidate learning. Although tutors encouraged all members of the group to participate, this was done in such a way that no learners felt uncomfortable. When this was necessary (e. g. a speaking and listening task) it was managed in a positive way to recognise individual needs. If learners need support with basic skills, subject specific tutors (NVQ, Key Skills) liaise with the Basic Skills Tutor to organise extra support in addition to their literacy and/or numeracy classes. If the learner has a learning difficulty that affects concentration, extra comfort breaks can be given and short activities should also be planned that vary in teaching strategy to keep learners engaged. At present, DCELLS are working towards converged basic and key skills. This initiative should have encourage a more standard approach as qualifications will be delivered in a different training and staff will be required to update their CPD. Practices vary depending on the experience of individual tutors within XXXXXX XXXXXX. When observing a key skills session, a tutor suggested to her group that it would be advantage to take notes whilst completing practical activities. On her lesson plan, she had shown inclusive practices by suggesting a Basic Skills Tutor could offer support with both reading and note taking if required. In terms of the use of classroom assistants or support workers, this is the only instance that in class support is offered due to staffing levels within the organisation. The majority of tutors promote equal opportunities practices by having notes available at the end of the lesson for all learners. Others show inclusive learning techniques by issuing gapped handouts at the beginning of the lesson to support those with individual needs. This later method allows those learners who have lack of confidence in groups, those with hearing difficulties or partial sight a greater chance of achieving the objectives set from the lesson. Experienced staff uses assistive technology in the classroom such as coloured acetate, worksheets on coloured paper or magnifying equipment to support learners when reading books, but once again staff training is needed to ensure consistency throughout the organisation. Smith and Armstrong (2005) suggest providers should make sure that CPD and staff training supports structures and systems implemented to deliver the inclusive learning agenda. Through discussion with staff, it is evident that staff members have little knowledge of how to support learners with Dyslexia, Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and other learning and behavioural needs. Therefore staff CPD needs to be updated and staff training offered. Having observed a selection of basic skills sessions, I have seen differentiation being managed very well within the classroom. There are isolated cases where worksheets have been the main teaching strategy due to the diverse nature of the group but the main reason for this is the need for staff development and training. Within sessions, individuals show good inclusive learning techniques when giving feedback. They are constructive and give praise for what has been done well and avoid being negative to learners. For those who have physical disabilities, there is IT equipment available such as specialist mouse and the ability to increase the font size on the majority of programmes used. If there is a need for out of class support, this is also available from the training assessors responsible for the individual learners. Individual training assessors are encouraged to spend time with all learners to build a rapport and encourage them to discuss any individual learning needs. These persons are trained to signpost for guidance and counselling if required. Assessment Once learning has taken place, there are various methods of assessment that are used. Within basic skills, learners are given a choice of completing assignments which are paper based or tests that can be taken using IT. For those who have to submit a portfolio, they are given the option of using IT to produce their work. There are also dictaphones available to record case studies, professional discussions or oral questioning as appose to written questions. These strategies in place show differentiation for individual needs are being considered. As well as the usual methods of assessment, learners also get a review which is carried out every four weeks. In this review, their progress is monitored and feedback is given on their performance. The Tomlinson Report (1996) shows us that monitoring progress and providing effective feedback contributes to effective inclusive teaching. Within their basic skills support sessions, further feedback is also given as part of their literacy/numeracy ILP. All learners at the end of their visits are given a Training And Support Log (TASL) which gives them feedback on any work produced. Conclusion Following this investigation, I have reached the conclusion that the organisation is reactive as appose to proactive with regard to inclusive learning. As a training provider, XXXXXX XXXXXX are genuinely non-selective about the learners who complete a programme. Many of the learners face a number of obstacles to engaging in learning including low educational attainment, a lack of basic and/or personal skills, caring obligations, homelessness, lack of self belief, confidence and self worth. Despite this, over 70% of the young people that are supported leave with a positive outcome. The 14-19 Education and Skills White Paper state that 12. 5% of the NEET group have learning difficulties and/or disabilities. If XXXXXXtraining wishes to continue aiming to offer inclusive learning and reduce this NEET cohort, there is a need to train staff by offering CPD in inclusive learning and ways of developing an inclusive learning strategy within the learner process. There are different teaching approaches within the organisation. (Tilstone et al. ,1998, p. 6) states ‘a key issue in promoting inclusive practice must be a reappraisal of the training provided to teachers and other professionals’ From my observations, I feel that this is an accurate assumption to make. I have been able to observe many sessions over a period of time and have seen that tutors need training on how to incorporate inclusive learning strategies within their lesson plan. Smith and Armstrong (2005) also discuss how providers should establish a strategy for sharing best practice within an organisation. XXXXXXhave meetings for every subject route on a quarterly basis. Although this is an excellent way of sharing best practice, inclusive learning should be listed as an agenda item to ensure that it gets the attention it requires. Although everything is done during the learner process to ensure that equal opportunities and diversity are managed, XXXXXXhave a bullying and harassment procedure in place and also a grievance procedure that prospective, current and past learners can instigate if they wish. From carrying out research into inclusive learning within XXXXXX XXXXXX, it has been shown that on the whole, a lot of work goes in to meeting the individual needs of the learner and offering a positive learner experience. Having now completed this research, it has made me aware of the financial restraints of the organisation. I feel that I will carry out my role as ATP differently when training staff and mentoring. When working towards curriculum design, I will also ask myself the question â€Å" How can I make it more inclusive? † and from this, I feel that this has played a big part in my CPD. Bibliography †¢ACCESS UNIT. (2006, December 18). Access Unit – Making Information Accessible to Disabled Students. Retrieved December 8, 2008, from University of Bristol: http://www. ristol. ac. uk/accessunit/disabilityinfo/accessible33. html †¢ADAMS, M. , BROWN, S. (2006). Towards Inclusive Learning in Higher Education. London: Routledge . †¢BLOOMER, M. , HODKINSON, P. (1997). Moving into FE: The voice of the learner. London: Further Education Development Agency (FEDA). †¢CLOUGH, P. (1998). Managing Inclusive Education. From Policy to Experience. London: Sage. †¢CSIE. (2008, April 30). About Inclusion. Retrieved December 15, 2008, from Centre For Studies On Inclusive Education: http://inclusion. uwe. ac. uk/csie/csiefaqs. htm †¢DCSF . 2008, July 02). Education, Training, Employment. Retrieved December 10, 2008, from Department for Children, Schools and Families. http://www. dcsf. gov. uk/14-19/index. cfm? go=homesid=26 †¢Every Child Matters: (2008, July 02) Change for children: Retrieved December 15, 2008, from Every Child Matters http://www. everychildmatters. gov. uk/ete/ †¢FEFC. (1996). Inclusive FE: Report of the Further Education Funding Council Learning Difficulties and/or Disabilities Committee CSIE Summary. Bristol: Centre for Studies on Inclusive Education (CSIE). †¢GREEN, M. . (1998). Initial Assessment To Identify Learning Needs. London: Further Education Development Agency (FEDA). †¢LEARNING AND SKILLS DEVELOPMENT AGENCY. (2002). Access For All. London: DFES. †¢MCGIVNEY, V. (2003). Working With Excluded G roups. Leicester: National Institute of Adult Continuing Education. †¢OPEN UNIVERSITY PRESS . (2006, December 30). Inclusive Teaching. Retrieved December 12, 2008, from Open University Press: http://www. open. ac. uk/inclusiveteaching †¢SMITH, V. , ARMSTRONG, A. (2005). Beyond Prejudice; Inclusive Learning in Practice. London: Learning and Skills Development Agency. †¢TILSTONE, C. , FLORIAN, L. , ROSE, R. (1998). Promoting Inclusive Practice. London: Routledge Falmer. †¢WELSH ASSEMBLY GOVERNMENT. (2008, September 29). Delivering Skills that Work for Wales: A new approach to adult community learning. Consultation Document 057/2008 . Caerphilly: Department for Children, Education, Lifelong Learning and Skills. †¢What is SENDA 2001? (2007, January 22). Retrieved December 13, 2008, from Hobo: http://www. hobo-web. co. uk/tips/12. htm How to cite Inclusive Learning, Papers

A Comprehensive Marketing Planning Case Study

Question - Write a case study analysis on Marketing Planning? Table of Contents Introduction. Task 1 (M1) P1 Reviewing the changing perspective in marketing planning. P2 Evaluating the organizations capability to plan for its future marketing activity. P3 Examining the techniques for auditing an organization and analyzing the external factors that affects the marketing planning. P4 Carrying out the organizational auditing and analysis of external factors that affects the marketing planning Task 2 (M2) P5 Accessing the main barriers of marketing planning for Nelson Professional Clothing. P6 Explaining how to overcome the barriers to marketing planning. Task 3 (M3) P7 Marketing plan for a product or services. P8 Importance of marketing planning for the organization in the strategic planning process P9 Techniques for new product development P10 Recommendations for pricing policy, distribution and communication mix. P11 Factors affecting the effective implementation of the marketing plan. Task 4. P12 Ethical issues influencing marketing planning. P13 Response of Nelson Professional Clothing to ethical issues. P14 Examples of consumer ethics and their effect on marketing planning. Conclusion. Reference List Introduction Marketing planning can be referred to as the blueprint that helps in outlining the overall marketing efforts of an organization. The market planning generally results in a marketing strategy that helps in enhancing the sales and profit from the business (Glaser and Traynor, 2014). This assignment deals with compiling a marketing audit for Nelson professional clothing, suitable techniques for exploring and assessing the main barriers of the organization along with chalking out an effective marketing plan. In addition to this, the assignment also focuses its light on the ethical issues that the organization has to respond and the ways that ethical issues influence the marketing planning. Task 1 (M1) P1 Reviewing the changing perspective in marketing planning Now days when marketing planning is made, it is essential to keep in mind the reason behind its change. The different reasons for which the market planning is changed are due to the change in requirements and needs of the customers and their buying behavior. In addition to this, in order to keep a competitive pace with the changing competitors, change in market planning is required. According to Chang and Cheng (2014) the market planning is changing due to introduction of new technologies where the usage of the modern technology is an important part of the any retailing company. In this tech savvy modern world, more the organizations will be inclined towards technology, the sales and profit will increase. In addition to this, the other reason of making a change in market planning is the underperforming performance of Nelson Professional Clothing where the company faced a huge loss due to global recession in 2008-2009. This resulted in failure in meeting the operational activities as well as lead to downsizing of employees as well as selling off the assets (Gunder, 2011). P2 Evaluating the organizations capability to plan for its future marketing activity After facing a huge loss due to recession, Nelson Professional Clothing had to struggle a lot for meeting their operational activities by both downsizing the employees and selling of the assets of the company. So, the company hired Gantts Hill Research and Consultancy Group (GRCG) in order to chalk out an effective marketing plan for the future. The organization is capable enough to face the change since it has already faced a lot of hurdles during the phase of recession (McKay, 2014). The capability approach is one of the approaches that use the value proposition of the customers in order to establish the performance goals that are based on contribution of values. The GRCG group understands the assets of the organization and also evaluates the capacity that the organization has to face a major change in market planning that may affect the staffing systems and the already set marketing strategies (Towers, 2012). Moreover, the company is eager to analyze the marketing strategies that includes analyze of the strengths, weakness, opportunity and threats of the company. P3 Examining the techniques for auditing an organization and analyzing the external factors that affects the marketing planning The technique that the marketing head of GRCG had adopted for analyzing the external factors affecting the market planning is the SWOT analysis. The strength of Nelson Professional Clothing is the low price strategy where it provides good quality products at a considerable low price. In addition to this, the introduction of current and updated technologies like self checking out machines, ECR, electronic shelf labeling etc. will help the company in reduction of extra employee cost (Anderson, 2012). Moreover, this strength will give the company an added competitive advantage over other companies. In addition to this, the weakness of the company is that it had to sell off some of the assets due to recession. The opportunity of the company can be introduction of diversified products into the market at reasonable prices (Mooradian et al. 2012). Since the customers know about the good quality of products of this company, they will be eager to have the products again from the company. But on the other hand according to Karakaya and Parayitam (2013) the threat of the company is the rising global competition and global economic crisis. P4 Carrying out the organizational auditing and analysis of external factors that affects the marketing planning The analysis of external factors that affect the market planning of Nelson Professional Clothing is discussed hereby. The organization has to analyze the external environment for chalking out or formulating an effective marketing planning for the welfare of the company and to gain a competitive advantage over its competitors. The political factor includes the political stability, tax rates, tariffs rate and legislation of UK (Castleberry, 2014). In addition to this, economic factors include the economic condition of UK due to an adverse effect of recession, the demand of its products and prices of the product. Moreover, the social factors include the beliefs and sentiments along with the culture and living standard of the people. The social factors also include the analysis of the customers on the basis of their age, sex, income, educational background and job (Bazini and Ramaj, 2013). The technological factors include the implication of modern technology into the business that helps in reducing the labor costs and production cost and increases the profits and quality of product and services (Schultz, 2012). The legal factors include the rules and regulation the organization follows during the production of the goods. It also includes the working hours, the employees and labor laws conditions of employment and pay scales. The environmental factors include the processing of the waste materials before disposal and methods to reduce the carbon footprint. Analysis of these factors helps in making a successful marketing plan (Perret and Holmlund, 2013). Task 2 (M2) P5 Accessing the main barriers of marketing planning for Nelson Professional Clothing The effectiveness of different leadership styles of different organizations is discussed in this context. In autocratic leadership style, the managers and the higher officials are the core decision makers. The employees had to work according to the rules and regulations of the company irrespective of any problems they face. Such leadership can be a barrier to the market planning because fresh ideas are not allowed to flow within the organization (Tyssen et al. 2013). This increases the reduction of employee retention and also the employees do not find satisfaction in their job. For the participative leadership style, the leaders discusses with the employees before taking any kind of decisions. But this style faces challenges at the time of emergency an also during the time of taking decisions within a short period of time. In addition to this, the transactional leadership style focuses on giving rewards or punishments that is based on the results of the performance (Arnold and Loughl in, 2013). This makes the employees move towards a common goal and makes the wok monotony and innovation in this leadership style is absent. This is because failure of the idea can lead to punishment of the employees so the employees preferably dont take any risk in giving out ideas. These different leadership styles are the main barriers in effective marketing planning. P6 Explaining how to overcome the barriers to marketing planning Nelson Professional Clothing can rid of barriers and make an effective marketing planning by the following ways. The organization can gather more information of the market trend by doing a vivid and authentic market research. This is because; collection of wrong data can lead to an incorrect market planning that will be having an adverse effect to the business of the organization (Bazini and Ramaj, 2013). In addition to this, market research regarding the market growth, net value and decision making processes can be done to avoid and overcome the barriers. The better understanding of the customers, the needs and requirements of the potential customers can also be the way of overcoming barriers. Usage of modern technology like data management system, process automation, collaboration and multi channel campaign management helps in overcoming the barriers to prepare an effective marketing planning (Towers, 2012). In addition to this, the removal of existing legal barriers can help in ov ercoming the barriers in marketing planning. Moreover, a two way communication within the organization and outside the organization along with fixing a reliable budget of the organization helps in overcoming the barriers. Task 3 (M3) P7 Marketing plan for a product or services The marketing plan for Nelson Professional Clothing can be done through the following- STP- For efficiently making marketing plan, the marketing head has initially segmented the customers, targeted the old and new customers and then positioned the products accordingly (Glaser and Traynor, 2014). This helps in understanding the needs and wants of the customers and help in making homogeneous segments of the customers which the company will find easy to target for positioning the products according to their requirements. Introduction of new products- The organization can introduce the new and fashionable products in the market. This will help in attracting the old customers since they are already accustomed with the products of the company and the new potential customers will also be attracted seeing the trendy clothing store (Chang and Cheng, 2014). Attractive packaging of the existing products- In order to give a refresh look to the products of the organization, the strategy of making the packaging attractive is a part of the marketing plan (Gunder, 2011). An attractive packaging will attract the customers to a great extent and it will help in increasing the customer database. Low pricing- The low pricing strategy of the organization is also an effective part of the marketing plan that helps in attracting the customers. Generally the customers opt for good quality products but at comparatively less price or at reasonable prices (McKay, 2014). P8 Importance of marketing planning for the organization in the strategic planning process An effective marketing planning helps in identifying the sources that will give the company a competitive advantage over others. In addition to this, the organization will also be provided with authentic market reports that will help in making effective strategies for the company (Tyssen et al. 2013). In return to this, organizations such as Nelson Professional Clothing will start gaining back its original position in the market that it had lost at the time of recession. A good market planning will help in satisfaction of the employees that in return improves the employee retention. A good marketing plan will enhance in setting up realistic goals and objectives of the company. In addition to this, an effective market planning helps in the adaptation of modern technologies that will improve the quality of products and services can also be adopted (Castleberry, 2014). P9 Techniques for new product development Nelson Professional Clothing can adopt differentiation strategy of Porters Generic Strategies in order to develop new product into the market. This is because; this helps the company in seeking a way to stay unique in the competitive market. In addition to this, product differentiation helps in attracting a huge customer database as it operates in a broader aspect (Glaser and Traynor, 2014). The company tries to select the Unique Selling Point (USP) of the new products for attracting the customers through it. The company can even engage 3 phases that will help in development of new products. The fuzzy front end is a phase where a set of activities is done before the development of new products. The second phase is the product design where the new products are developed and comes to an end at pre commercialization stage. The fuzzy back end phase contains the action steps required for production and launching of the product (Castleberry, 2014). P10 Recommendations for pricing policy, distribution and communication mix Pricing policy- Since the company has faced a huge loss regarding recession and has already sold some of the assets; the company needs to get back the customers as well as the assets back (Anderson, 2012). So, the company can go for low price strategy where it will attract a huge number of customers that will result in huge sales and profit. Communication Mix- The communication mix consists of advertisement, promotion, packaging and public relations. The advertisements need to be presentable and well communicable for attracting the customers. Moreover, the packaging needs to be attractive and well understandable to the customers since it adds a significant value to the company (Bazini and Ramaj, 2013). The promotion of the products must be in such as way that the customers will be convinced with the need and requirements of it in their daily life. In addition to this, Nelson Professional Clothing can improve the public relations with the customers either by celebrity endorsements or through press releases in order to reach the target audiences. Distribution- The distribution channel needs to be effective enough so that products reach the customers very easily. If the customers find the products easily accessible, then the customers tend to lean towards the company because they have trust on the company products and its availability (Castleberry, 2014). P11 Factors affecting the effective implementation of the marketing plan Priority- Nelson Professional Clothing prioritizes the necessity of the company previously before implementation of the marketing plan. This is done to see which of the factors needs to be prioritized before hand and need to be resolved (Tyssen et al. 2013). This helps in understanding the importance of the factors that have to be completed by the time and the factors which can wait for a time being. Resources of company- The resources are another important factor that affects the implementation of an effective marketing plan. The company needs to understand the resources it has for successful implementation of the marketing plan (Anderson, 2012). The resources include the finances, vendor relationships, finances, access to materials, human resource and raw material availability. Forecasting- A concrete market research has to be done in order to forecast the future for implementation of marketing plan. The marketing plan has to be done in order to forecast the sales, revenues, personal costs and other overhead costs (McKay, 2014). It will be tough for the company to say whether there are chances of successor not by accurate forecasting of the plan. Task 4 P12 Ethical issues influencing marketing planning The ethical issues influence the market planning to a huge extent. This helps in building up a healthy relationship between the customers and the company. This increases the trust of the customers on the organization which gives a positive impact on the sales and profit of the company (Schultz, 2012). In addition to this, the organization maintaining ethics also have a good reputation and brand image in the market. The employees are also content with the ethics and thereby the employees, workers and customers all feel safe to do business with the organization. P13 Response of Nelson Professional Clothing to ethical issues Nelson Professional Clothing though has faced hug loses during the time of recession still it uses ethical ways of market planning and marketing. This is because, the company is very much conscious about is brand image. The company has opted for a low price strategy but it keeps a balance with the market prices through a good market research (Castleberry, 2014). Moreover, it gives advertisements of the products with the actual price and never opts for deceiving the customers. This is because they believe that through their quality and good marketing policies, they can regain their position. P14 Examples of consumer ethics and their effect on marketing planning Pricing ethics- The pricing ethics need to be ethical enough since it influences the market planning. Bid rigging and predatory pricing needs to be stopped since they are the unethical practices. Bid rigging means a commercial contract that is promised to one party but other parties are also present (Glaser and Traynor, 2014). Predatory pricing is selling products and services at a considerable low price with an intention for driving out the competitors as well as new competitors from the market. This helps in increasing the trust and belief of the customers on the company. Anti competitive practices- This practice involves bait and switch form of fraud where the customers are baited through low price products by advertisements. But the actual fact is that the prices of the products and services are switched to higher costs (Schultz, 2012). This affects the band image of the company and is an unethical way of market planning. This strengthens the relationship between the company and the customers. Conclusion This assignment has focused on the marketing plan of Nelson Professional Clothing evaluating the capacity of the organization to face the change along with the analysis of external factors that affects the market planning. In addition to this the ethics related to fair trading is also discussed along with the barriers of market planning and ways to overcome it. Moreover, market planning along with the requirements of it and techniques for the development of new products are also discussed. Reference List Books Anderson, D. (2012)Strategic marketing planning for the small to medium-sized business, New York: Business Expert Press Glaser, R. and Traynor, R. (2014)Strategic practice management, San Diego: Plural Pub Mooradian, T., Matzler, K. and Ring, L. (2012)Strategic marketing, Boston, MA: Pearson Prentice Hall Towers, N. (2012)The marketing planning process, London: BPP Learning Media Ltd Journals Arnold, K. and Loughlin, C. 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